TPS55340 Single Lithium Battery Voltage Boost to 5V Regulator

Single-Cell Li-Ion Battery Boost Converter to 5 V

This project implements a DC-DC boost converter that raises the voltage of a single-cell Li-ion battery to a regulated 5 V output. The design is based on the TPS55340 boost regulator, which is well suited for stepping up low input voltages to a higher, stable output with good efficiency.

Operating Principle

• Input Voltage (VIN):
  A single Li-ion cell with a typical operating voltage range of approximately 3.0 V to 4.2 V.
  The circuit is designed to operate reliably even when the battery voltage approaches its lower discharge limit.

• Voltage Boosting:
  The TPS55340 controls an internal switching MOSFET and an external inductor, storing energy in the inductor during the on-time and transferring it to the output at a higher voltage level during the off-time.

• Output Voltage (VOUT):
  A regulated 5 V output, suitable for powering:

  • microcontrollers

  • sensors

  • USB-powered devices

  • other 5 V logic or peripheral circuits

Key Circuit Components and Their Roles

• TPS55340:
  Boost regulator IC featuring:

  • wide input voltage range

  • adjustable output voltage

  • built-in current limiting and protection features

• Inductor:
  Selected to handle the peak currents that occur at the lowest battery voltage, where the input current is at its highest.

• Schottky Diode (or equivalent topology depending on the configuration):
  Provides efficient energy transfer from the inductor to the output.

• Feedback Resistor Network:
  Sets the output voltage precisely to 5 V.

• Input and Output Capacitors:

  • Input capacitors reduce ripple and noise from the battery and switching action

  • Output capacitors improve voltage stability and transient response

Intended Applications

This circuit is especially suitable for battery-powered devices where:

• a single Li-ion cell is used as the energy source

• a stable 5 V supply voltage is required

• high efficiency and compact design are important

Typical applications include:

• portable IoT devices

• measurement and sensing systems

• battery-powered USB supply solutions